November 14, 2007

THE T*MES.

Benjamin Zimmer at Language Log reports on the absurd censorship of profanity at the august and prim NY Times. When it gets to the point that you're calling movies "****" and bands "********," you really need to rethink your policies.

Posted by languagehat at November 14, 2007 10:05 PM
Comments

Easy to laugh at the paper; but of course we should point the finger of responsibility for such nonsense at this lousy tempora and its fucked-up mores.

Posted by: Jeremy Osner at November 14, 2007 11:53 PM

Really? Choosing between the tyranny of editors and the tyranny of vulgarities and insipidities, I am really tempted to choose the former. As for the inconsistencies in the practical applications of the Times' policy, everybody's free to develop any double standards they like. After all, a profanity uttered by a state official tells us more about this official than a name of a punk band tells about the music they play.

PS: I just recalled a funny fake press-release from a book about The Beatles I read many years ago: "In order to comply with the public standards, the band White Trash decided to change the name to White F***." :)

PPS: Yep, the asterisk are mine.

Posted by: Dmitri Minaev at November 15, 2007 01:50 AM

I live on a small island where most of the other foreigners are Australians.

Almost all of them use f**k, in conjunction with 'me!' or '-ing', not as a vulgar epithet, but simply as a means of disguising a missing adjective, expressing amazement, or whatever you real linguists call meaningless words added in to improve the speech rhythm.

When I'm transcribing their conversations, I use the quite meaningless neologism 'fark'.

The BBC uses 'bonk', but this, while ridiculous to hear, is not quite so meaningless. In fact, it is a very explicit term meaning a very casual and careless act of sexual intercourse, by a male, usually drunk, or p****d, at the time.

All of this reminds me very strongly of the beating my father gave me when I used a forbidden word in reciting:

This bloody town's a bloody cuss
No bloody trains, no bloody bus
And no one thinks of bloody us
In bloody Orkney.

The bloody folk are bloody mad
The bloody roads are bloody bad
Good night the bright is bloody sad
In bloody Orkney....

http://sniff.numachi.com/~rickheit/dtrad/pages/tiBLDYORK.html

But, on maturity, I realise he probably wrote the bloody thing his bloody self after a spell in the bloody place during the bloody War (II).

best regards

Richard Parker
Siargao Island, The Philippines.

Posted by: Richard Parker at November 15, 2007 05:11 AM

Wrong again - I find that 'Bloody Orkney' was written by a Capt. Hamish Blair, RN.

Mind you, B***r wasn't such a rude word then.

regards

Richard

Posted by: Richard Parker at November 15, 2007 05:20 AM

The change of vulgar words into non-vulgar ones and vice versa seems to be a constant process, much in line with the unceasing changeability of language itself. Here, I can quote the example of the Polish verb 'jebać' (to fuck), which is also a popular profanity in Belarusian, Ukrainian and Russian.

Recently, on the basis of this root the adjective 'zajebisty' came into use, meaning 'cool.' It is just another word for the Polish youth, though the older generations still consider it highly offensive, as related to such 'jebać'-based profanities as 'zajebać' (to kill) or 'pojebany' (fucked-up).

Posted by: Tomasz Kamusella at November 15, 2007 08:09 AM

Tomasz,

which is also a popular profanity in Belarusian, Ukrainian and Russian
..and Czech and Slovak and Serbian and Croatian and Slovenian - all Slavic languages. And it can be found in Sanskrit, too.
Re "zajebisty": are you saying that the word has lost its offensiveness, at least among the younger generation? That would be interesting.
It reminds me of the Slovak word "jebák" = "zit, acne" which is also derived from the same root. While all other derivations of the verb "jebať" are strongly taboo and have no place on public airwaves, "jebák" seems to have found general acceptance not only in the media.

Posted by: bulbul at November 15, 2007 09:21 AM

But aren't all bands since the Beatles ********?

Posted by: dearieme at November 15, 2007 09:39 AM

I agree with Tomasz that the issue is words changing from non-vulgar to vulgar and back. I laugh at the Times not just because of their tortuous taboo avoidance, but because they avoid words I don't consider taboo. There are indeed words I don't want to read over my eggs and toast, but you half expect the Times to bleep out 'bloody' and 'oh my god' as well as the really bad ones (which I'm avoiding mentioning).

Posted by: Meesher at November 15, 2007 10:24 AM

"Meaningless words added in to improve the speech rhythm" are called "phatic" by linguists.

And "a profanity uttered by a state official" does not "tell us more about this official than a name of a punk band tells about the music they play." Most people curse, but only bands that play rock, punk, heavy metal, or rap would use curses in their titles.

Posted by: jamessal at November 15, 2007 10:31 AM

"Meaningless words added in to improve the speech rhythm" are called "phatic" by linguists.

And "a profanity uttered by a state official" does not "tell us more about this official than a name of a punk band tells about the music they play." Most people curse, but only bands that play rock, punk, heavy metal, or rap would use curses in their titles.

Posted by: jamessal at November 15, 2007 10:31 AM

"Meaningless words added in to improve the speech rhythm" are called "phatic" by linguists.

Thanks for that - not only does it look better on the page, but it sounds almost as good

regards

Richard

Posted by: Richard Parker at November 15, 2007 11:22 AM

Jeremy: shouldn't that be 'these lousy tempora'?

Posted by: Conrad at November 15, 2007 01:17 PM

I don't think that "phatic" is exactly the right term. That usually applies to words or phrases which have a social rather than informative function. This includes many speech acts where the content of the expression is irrelevant or even contradictory. Greetings are phatic, often asking questions that should not normally be answered in a literal fashion.

Grimes had a term for particles that seem to be meaningless. He called them "pesky little particles" IIRC. That's not quite as academic a name, though.

Posted by: James Crippen at November 15, 2007 01:59 PM

No, I guess you're right. I was imagining all those Australian fuck-me's as somehow parallel to "You know what I'm sayin'?" or even "you feel me?" -- expressions I've always considered phatic (maybe wrongly) for clearly being social rather than literal. I don't think phatic is restricted to greetings. But either way, in this case "pesky little particles" seems much more better.

Posted by: jamessal at November 15, 2007 02:38 PM

Dear Bulbul,

Thank you for the info on the Slovak word "jebák" = "zit, acne", which gained popular currency, and isn't considered a profanity. By the way, its Polish counterpart is 'syfek,' which is a diminutive derived from 'syf.' 'Syf,' meaning 'terrible mess' or an 'utterly bad situation,' is a kind of half-profanity, still avoided in speech and writing. Ultimately, it stems from 'syfilis' (syphilis).

Posted by: Tomasz Kamusella at November 15, 2007 03:24 PM

Conrad: should it be? I was fretting about whether "tempora" was singular or plural (since I don't really know Latin beyond a couple of phrases) but couldn't be bothered to look it up. I went by analogy to "mores" which I'm pretty sure is singular, figuring the construction would be parallel.

Posted by: Jeremy Osner at November 15, 2007 03:45 PM

Tempora is the plural of tempus (a neuter s-stem: tempus, temporis was originally tempos, tempos-is).

Posted by: language hat at November 15, 2007 04:02 PM

"the adjective 'zajebisty' came into use, meaning 'cool.' It is just another word for the Polish youth, though the older generations still consider it highly offensive"

I'm not convinced it's 'just another word', I have the idea that the offense it causes is/was definitely part of its allure. And is it that common anymore? I don't seem to hear it much anymore (I've been afraid to ask what's taken its place).

Also, to my (non-native) sensibilities, pojebany sounds less offensive than zajebiście. But I could easily be wrong there.

Posted by: michael farris at November 15, 2007 04:45 PM

And mores is plural, too (of mos).

Concerning Polish expressions of (usually unpleasant) surprise, I've only heard o kurwaaaa* and o Jesu. But then I was in Poland for only two weeks.

* An interesting parallel to the French expression of (often pleasant) surprise: ô putain op'tain op'tain op'tain op'tain (etc. etc. etc., often with the apostrophe pronounced as [ç]).

Posted by: David Marjanović at November 15, 2007 05:27 PM

'zajebać' (to kill)

That's not quite what it means -- not in Russian, anyway.

Rather, "to bore/tire/sicken/bother to death".

Posted by: solus rex at November 15, 2007 09:26 PM

I'm with The Times, inconsistency or not. I'm from a generation, upbringing, journalistic training and temperament that finds obscene words, well, obscene, in public discourse, or in private in front of children or ladies.

I'm delighted to be an old fogey in this respect - this isn't being prudish - I'm far from that - but a (probably vain) attempt to promote what I believe are civilized standards.

And I think those using such words in public are 99% likely to be seeking the childish ( e.g. "F*** you" t-shirts) or marketing shock value - which I believe these words still have for a lot of people.

For instance, the clothes chain French Connection in Britain uses FCUK as its brand, and that offends many people.

And another thing .....rant, rant...

Posted by: Paul at November 16, 2007 06:48 AM

and mores is plural too

Sigh... thanks for the Latin help! I should look it up next time I have a clever idea.

Posted by: Jeremy Osner at November 16, 2007 07:08 AM

Consistency would be just not to discuss a band called ********.

The problem is the old gray lady krumping, which is just as embarrassing as it sounds.

Posted by: Another Old Fogey at November 16, 2007 11:01 AM

'zajebać' (to kill)
That's not quite what it means -- not in Russian, anyway.

It does in Slovak, Czech and definitely in Polish.
In dialectal Slovak, it can also mean "to say something stupid or outrageous".

Posted by: bulbul at November 16, 2007 07:30 PM

zajebać can also mean, 'hit, strike' or 'steal' or 'overdose (on drugs)' My first association for some reason was 'steal', as in:

on mi zajebał komórkę (roughly: he fucking stole my cellphone)

Posted by: michael farris at November 17, 2007 05:12 AM

I'm a litte dismayed to see so many people defending The NYT's medieval and superstitious stance, but then again, I come from a country that long since decided that taboo words only gain power when censored, hidden and obscured (that would be Sweden). As a result, we have no words with the mythic power of "fuck" and so offensiveness is generally judged on content and intent, not on single words - which is what I would call the civilized approach.

The big problem with absurd astericization is that it places the onus of knowing the "bad" word on the reader, making the writer/publication disingenously innocent of any wrong-doing.

So it's both self-serving and counter-productive and also a distinctly pre-Enlightenment attitude.

Posted by: John E Thelin at November 17, 2007 07:22 AM

on mi zajebał komórkę (roughly: he fucking stole my cellphone)
That would be "Ujebal mi mobil" where I come from.
Slavic verbal prefixation, you gotta love it :)

Posted by: bulbul at November 17, 2007 12:40 PM

Indeed, 'on mi zajebał komórkę,' means in Polish 'he stole my cell phone.' Various words formed from the verb 'jebać' by the way of prefixation, deepending on communication context, function as intensifying dummies for other (polite) words.

Interestingly, after having pointed to the fact that at least the form 'zajebisty' may be becoming de-vulgarized now, I looked into J. S. Bandtkie's 'Słownik dokładny języka polskiego i niemieckiego do podoręcznego używania dla Polaków i Niemców' (An Exact Dictionary of the Polish Language for the Use of Poles and Germans, 2 vols, Breslau, Prussia 1806). Bandtkie noted the word 'jebka' (today non-vulgar Slovak for 'zit,' or vulgar Polish for 'one who fucks senselessly around') as non-offensive for a 'virile man.' His descriptive definition is 'tęgi do kobiety' (being able to possess a woman [easily, many times over]).

Posted by: Tomasz Kamusella at November 17, 2007 03:49 PM

The scanned version of Bandtkie's dictionary is available at: http://www.pbi.edu.pl/book_reader.php?p=32390&s=1.

Posted by: Tomasz Kamusella at November 17, 2007 03:51 PM

John Thelin, I think putting the onus of understanding on the reader isn't such a bad thing; not to do so could be considered paternalistic. I'm with the Times on this one, for kitsch value alone. If you really enjoy cursing, it's not like it's hard to find.

I blogged this tempest in a teacup at http://errata.wordie.org.

Posted by: John McGrath at November 19, 2007 03:23 PM

Once, in college, my friends and I went to see Bill Keller and Orville Schell speak, and on the way back we started to talk about what would actually make them yell, "Stop the presses!" like they do in the movies. We decided they'd probably stop the presses if the flag said, "THE NEW FUCK TIMES." I know that this is stupid, but at the time it seemed hilarious.

Posted by: David Boyk at November 20, 2007 11:15 AM