I was intrigued by a passing reference to an obscure mid-19th-century Russian writer called Yakov Butkov, did a little investigating, and found a chapter on him in the reminiscences of Aleksandr Milyukov (Literaturnyya vstrechi i znakomstva [1890], pp. 105-131). It was a sad and moving story of a young writer who got in trouble with the authorities and disappeared from view, his promise wasted, and I wanted my wife to read it, so I started translating it. (It took me all weekend and ran to over 4,500 words, so it would be nice if I could get it published somewhere; if anyone has any ideas, let me know!) At one point I ran into the kind of pun that's completely untranslatable; it seems to me that you either footnote it (in an academic version) or omit it (in a popular one). Butkov has been summoned to the censorship committee and is very nervous about it, and he says: "Right at the University a stock exchange hare [birzhevoi zayats] I know ran across my path, he just nodded at me. And you don’t believe in omens, sir!" This made no sense to me, but I correctly presumed "hare" was a slang term. First I went to Dahl, where I discovered that to Russians a hare crossing your path is a sign of bad luck, like a black cat in English; then I googled "биржевой заяц" and found that it was slang for an unofficial broker, one of those middlemen who scurries around making deals for people. Now all was clear, and I could see what a clever pun it was, but I also realized there was absolutely no way to render it in English. (If only unofficial brokers were called "black cats"!)
Posted by languagehat at January 13, 2008 08:33 PMWell, there's "fat cats" but "black fat cats" would cause too much semantic confusion with the old (hep)cat slang term and probably come off a tad bit offensive.
Posted by: Kári Tulinius at January 13, 2008 08:50 PMDid you consider turning it into a simile?
Posted by: MMcM at January 13, 2008 09:18 PMThe ironical side to your story is that nowadays nobody [in Russia] would consider a hare crossing his way a bad omen. As in English, it's now a black cat. So the pun is untranslatable not only into English, but in present-day Russian also.
Posted by: Katsumizer at January 13, 2008 10:04 PMWell, is it specifically relevant that he's an unofficial stock broker, or can you take some translator's license and make him a ladder-builder or something? :-/
Posted by: Ran at January 13, 2008 10:39 PMI was wondering if that superstition was still in effect—thanks!
MMcM: How would you turn it into a simile?
Posted by: language hat at January 13, 2008 10:40 PMReminds me of another untranslatable hare I ran across... "My name is Hare, and I know nothing."
Posted by: Ben Zimmer at January 13, 2008 11:22 PMI am not aware of many venues in which you might publish it for payment but there are a number of highly respected journals that would consider such a piece of translation. You will be no richer but better known as a translator. Paying gigs might be just a bit closer down the road as a result of having improved your resume.
Have you considered Words Without Borders? It has a top-flight reputation and it gives precedence to languages from Eastern Europe eastwards.
Posted by: Gilbert Wesley Purdy at January 13, 2008 11:26 PMWhat I had in mind was roughly (very roughly), “a [dark?, small?] stock broker darted across my path, [just?] like a black cat.” Giving up on the pun, as I think you must, but keeping the idea that an encounter with a person could be ominous due to it animal association.
Posted by: MMcM at January 13, 2008 11:57 PMI've heard of the hare's association with bad luck from that legend about Pushkin. So to some the superstition would be familiar.
If I'm interpreting what you wrote correctly, in addition to the clever word play there's also an ominous parallel between the men's situations: an unlicensed broker brushing past and recognizing as his own a writer of disallowed material. (To me, the word "заяц" in particular underscores the illegitimacy of the man's activities. It is still in use to refer to someone sneaking into something without a ticket. And according to Ushakov, the usage would have been current during Milyukov's time too.)
I agree with MMcM--replicating the pun is a tall order. But perhaps drawing out this foreboding parallel of illegality would be enough?
In any case, I'd be interested to see what you end up with. To find places to submit translation, you might keep track of ALTA's calls for submissionspage.
Posted by: Ana at January 14, 2008 02:16 AM_extremely_ free version:
"Right at the University an unlicensed broker I know named Katz ran across my path, dressed completely in black. He just nodded at me. And you don’t believe in omens, sir!"
Posted by: michael farris at January 14, 2008 12:55 PMI'll just add (before anyone else can) that my proposal isn't suitable to non-fiction (and its suitability to fiction is ... not entirely obvious).
I think in non-fiction, you're gonna be stuck with footnoting it or leaving it out.
Posted by: michael farris at January 14, 2008 01:14 PMI always figure there's got to be some solution (at least until the deadline arrives). I would start by making a list of things that are bad luck in the conventions of the target language/culture and then seeing if you can work one into a pun that is roughly equivalent to the one in the source text. For example, you might say "one of those black market cats crossed my path," or something like that.
The main thing, I think, is to always assume there is a solution waiting to be discovered. Of course your solution won't be exactly the same in all respects to the original, or it wouldn't be a translation, it would be a transcription. I don't think -- as long as you believe translation is possible at all -- that anything is untranslatable.
Posted by: xensen at January 14, 2008 10:32 PMWell, stock exchanges have bulls and bears - maybe you could do something with that?
Posted by: ajay at January 15, 2008 11:45 AMI can only come up with a very loose and rather tortured pun in English (of the Scots variety), which is perhaps a bit too faecal to work.
"Ominous start - I nearly stepped into a jobber on my way here."
Posted by: Preachy at January 18, 2008 11:23 AM"and I know of nothing", said in court.
Posted by: David Marjanović at January 19, 2008 08:09 PM