Scientific names are about as international as words can be. So every word added to scientific vocabulary is added to every language in which science is done, not just English. New scientific terms are derived in some godawful Greek-Latin-French-German-English compromise language anyway, not really in English.

So, how does Chinese handle scientific words?

My guess is that they insert the words alphabetically into whatever they're writing. Common Chinese words have been coined for basis scientific concepts, but I'm sure that they don't coin new ones for every new organic molecule and new species that comes along.

The elements of the periodic table each have their own unique graph with an arbitrary pronunciation. I'm not sure, but probably the more common long-known elements are named from their traditional names, but for the rare ones it's just coinages.

It's an interesting question though. Even more so: in how many languages do people do, for example, organic chemistry research? Most scientists work in one of a handful of languages, and they all have to at least be able to read one of the main ones. I doubt that there's much organic chemistry done in Dutch, for example, or Rumanian, much less Yoruba or Quechuan.

Zizka's right, science coins relatively few new English words. Suppose someone just discovered GDP-L-fucose synthase, for instance: that's not a new word, it's just a (somewhat half-assed) naming system in action. (There is, of course, a properly systematic naming convention available for use with most things, but in the case of enzymes it comes up with horrid unpronounceable strings of letters and numbers so the damn things still need everyday names.) The words involved are whatever GDP stands for (maybe guanosine diphosphate?), L-fucose and synthase, and none of them are new. In the same way, most new scientific terms are more phrases than words.

Some new words and expressions can be found at www.wordspy.com. Not sure how accurate it is, but the site is great fun.